What does crew resource management (CRM) focus on?

Crew Resource Management (CRM) primarily focuses on improving teamwork and communication among flight crew members. It emphasizes the importance of effective collaboration and interaction within the cockpit and between crew members, which is crucial for maintaining safety and efficiency during flight operations. CRM training is designed to help crews develop skills in communication, problem-solving, decision-making, and leadership, allowing them to manage and utilize all available resources — including people, equipment, and information — effectively. This approach reduces the likelihood of errors and enhances the crew's ability to handle emergencies and dynamic situations.

The other choices, while relevant to various aspects of aviation training and operation, do not capture the essence of CRM. Enhancing manual flying skills, training in aircraft systems, and establishing clear hierarchies relate more to technical and procedural training rather than the interpersonal dynamics and resource management that CRM specifically addresses.