In aviation, what does the term 'elevator' specifically control?

In aviation, the term 'elevator' refers to a control surface located on the tail of an aircraft that is pivotal in managing the aircraft's pitch. The elevator specifically controls the up and down movement of the nose. When a pilot pulls back on the control yoke or stick, the elevator deflects upward, causing the tail of the aircraft to lower and the nose to rise, resulting in an increase in pitch angle. Conversely, pushing forward lowers the elevator, causing the tail to rise and the nose to drop, thus decreasing the pitch. This control is crucial for maneuvering the aircraft during ascent and descent, as well as maintaining steady flight at various attitudes. Understanding the role of the elevator is fundamental to flight control dynamics and aircraft operation.